Remembered
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Seth-Peribsen
2775 BC – 2650 BC
Statesperson
Seth-Peribsen (also known as Ash-Peribsen, Peribsen and Perabsen) is the serekh name of an early Egyptian monarch (pharaoh), who ruled during the Second Dynasty…

Sanakht
27th century BC – 2668 BC
Statesperson
Sanakht (also read as Hor-Sanakht) is the Horus name of an ancient Egyptian king (pharaoh) of the Third Dynasty during the Old Kingdom. His chronological positi…

Djoser
28th century BC – 27th century BC
Statesperson
Djoser (also read as Zoser) was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh of the 3rd Dynasty during the Old Kingdom, and was the founder of that epoch. He is also known by hi…
Enmebaragesi
— – 27th century BC
Sovereign
Enmebaragesi (Sumerian: 𒂗𒈨𒁈𒄄𒋛 Enmebárgisi [EN-ME-BARA2-GI4-SE]; fl. c. 2750 BC) originally Mebarasi (𒈨𒁈𒋛) was the penultimate king of the first dynasty…

Imhotep
28th century BC – 27th century BC
Architect, Engineer, Astronomer, Physician, Master builder, Writer
Imhotep (; Ancient Egyptian: ỉỉ-m-ḥtp "(the one who) comes in peace"; fl. late 27th century BC) was an Egyptian chancellor to the King Djoser, possible architec…

Khaba
27th century BC – 27th century BC
Statesperson
Here is a revised and improved memorial biography for Khaba, based strictly on well-supported historical and archaeological information: --- Khaba, also read…
Khasekhemwy
28th century BC – 27th century BC
Statesperson
Khasekhemwy (c. 2690 BC; Ḫꜥj-sḫm.wj, also rendered Kha-sekhemui) was the last Pharaoh of the Second Dynasty of Egypt. Little is known about him, other than that…

Sekhemkhet
28th century BC – 27th century BC
Statesperson
Sekhemkhet (also read as Sechemchet) was an ancient Egyptian king (pharaoh) of the 3rd Dynasty during the Old Kingdom. His reign is thought to have been from ab…

Neferkare I
— – 28th century BC
Sovereign
Neferkare I also spelled Neferkara I (Ancient Egyptian Nefer-Ka-Ra; which means "beautiful soul of Ra" or "the soul of Ra is perfect", also spelled as Neferka a…

Sekhemib-Perenmaat
28th century BC – 28th century BC
Statesperson
Sekhemib-Perenma'at (or simply Sekhemib), is the Horus name of an early Egyptian pharaoh who ruled during the 2nd Dynasty. Similar to his predecessor, successor…

Senedj
28th century BC – 28th century BC
Statesperson
Senedj (also known as Sened and Sethenes) was an early Egyptian king (pharaoh), who may have ruled during the 2nd Dynasty. His historical standing remains uncer…

Nynetjer
3000s BC – 2845 BC
Statesperson
Nynetjer (also known as Ninetjer and Banetjer) was the third pharaoh of the Second Dynasty of Egypt during the Early Dynastic Period, prior to the Old Kingdom p…

Nebra
29th century BC – 2890 BC
Statesperson
Nebra or Raneb is the Horus name of the second early Egyptian king of the 2nd Dynasty. The exact length of his reign is unknown since the Turin canon is damaged…
Qa'a
2950 BC – 2890 BC
Statesperson, Ruler
Qa'a (also Qáa or Ka'a) (literal meaning: "his arm is raised") was the last king of the First Dynasty of Egypt. He reigned for about 33 years at the end of the…
Hotepsekhemwy
29th century BC – 29th century BC
Sovereign
Hotepsekhemwy is the Horus name of an early Egyptian king who was the founder of the Second Dynasty of Egypt. The exact length of his reign is not known; the Tu…

Semerkhet
30th century BC – 2910 BC
Sovereign
Semerkhet is the Horus name of an early Egyptian king who ruled during the First Dynasty. This ruler became known through a tragic legend handed down by the his…

Anedjib
— – 2920 BC
Sovereign
Anedjib, more correctly Adjib and also known as Hor-Anedjib, Hor-Adjib, Anezib and Azib, is the Horus name of an early Egyptian king who ruled during the 1st Dy…

Den
30th century BC – 2920 BC
Statesperson
Den, also known as Hor-Den, Dewen, and Udimu, was the Horus name of a pharaoh of the Early Dynastic Period who ruled during the First Dynasty of Egypt. He is th…

Djet
30th century BC – 2970 BC
Sovereign
Djet, also known as Wadjet, Wadj, Zet, and Uadji (in Greek possibly the pharaoh known as Uenephes or possibly Atothis; fl. c. 2980 BC), was the fourth pharaoh o…
Djer
31st century BC – 2980 BC
Statesperson
Djer (also Zer or Sekhty; fl. c. 3000 BC) is considered the third pharaoh of the First Dynasty of ancient Egypt in current Egyptology. He lived around the mid 3…