Remembered
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Telipinu
16th century BC – 16th century BC
Monarch
Telipinu was the last king of the Hittite Old Kingdom, reigning c. 1525–1500 BC in middle chronology. At the beginning of his reign, the Hittite Empire had cont…
Zidanta I
16th century BC – 16th century BC
Sovereign
Zidanta I was a king of the Hittites (Old Kingdom), ruling for 10 years, ca. 1560–1550 BC (middle chronology) or 1496–1486 BC (short chronology timeline). Accor…
Ḫattušili I
17th century BC – 1620 BC
Monarch
Hattusili I (Ḫattušili I; died c. 1620 BC) was a king of the Hittite Old Kingdom. He reigned c. 1650–1620 BC (middle chronology), or c. 1640–1610 BC (low middle…
Tang of Shang
1675 BC – 1646 BC
Politician
Tang of Shang, (c. 1670 BC to c. 1587 BC, born Zi Lü), recorded on oracle bones as Tai Yi or Da Yi, was the first king of the Shang dynasty. Tang is traditional…
Abi-Eshuh
18th century BC – 17th century BC
Sovereign
Abī-ešuḫ (ma-bi-e-šu-uḫ, variants: ma-bi-ši, "Abiši", mE-bi-šum, "Ebišum"; died c. 1684 BC) was the 8th king of the 1st Dynasty of Babylon and reigned for 28 ye…
Ammi-Saduqa
17th century BC – 17th century BC
Sovereign
Ammī-ṣaduqa (sometimes spelled Ammisaduqa, Ammizaduga) was a king of the First Dynasty of Babylon, who ruled in 1646–1626 BC (High Middle Chronology) or 1638–16…
Samsu-iluna
1792 BC – 1712 BC
Sovereign
Samsu-iluna (Amorite: Samsu-iluna or Samsu-ilūna, "The Sun (is) our god"; c. 1793 BC - c. 1712 BC) was the 7th king of the founding Amorite dynasty of Babylon.…
Sobekhotep IV
— – 1720 BC
Statesperson
Khaneferre Sobekhotep IV was one of the more powerful Egyptian kings of the 13th Dynasty (c. 1803 BC to c. 1649 BC), who reigned at least eight years. His broth…
Neferhotep I
18th century BC – 1730 BC
Statesperson
Khasekhemre Neferhotep I was an Egyptian pharaoh of the mid Thirteenth Dynasty ruling in the second half of the 18th century BC during a time referred to as the…
Anitta
18th century BC – 1740 BC
Sovereign
Anitta (fl. c. 1700 BC) son of Pitḫana, was the king of Kussara, during the late Middle Bronze IIA. The city has not yet been identified. He is the earliest kno…
Hammurabi
1810 BC – 1750 BC
King, Monarch, Leader
Hammurabi (; Old Babylonian Akkadian: 𒄩𒄠𒈬𒊏𒁉, romanized: Ḫammu-rāpi; Akkadian: [xammuˈraːpʰi]; c. 1810 BC – c. 1750 BC), also spelled Hammurapi, was the six…
Zimri-Lim
18th century BC – 1761 BC
King
Zimri-Lim (died c. 1760 BC) was the last king of Mari (c. 1775-1760 BC high chronology; c. 1767–1752 BC middle chronology) during the early Middle Bronze IIA (c…
Rim-Sîn I
19th century BC – 1763 BC
Sovereign
Rim-Sîn I (Akkadian: 𒀭𒊑𒅎𒀭𒂗𒍪, Dri-im-Dsuen; died c. 1763 BC) ruled the ancient Near East city-state of Larsa from 1823 BC to 1763 BC (MC). His sister En-an…
Shamshi-Adad I
1860 BC – 1776 BC
Sovereign
Shamshi-Adad I (Akkadian: Šamši-Adad; Amorite: Shamshi-Addu; died c. 1776 BC, ruled c. 1809–1776 BC) was an Amorite ruler of Ekallatum and conqueror who had con…
Amenemhat IV
19th century BC – 1790 BC
Politician
See Amenemhat, for other individuals with this name. Amenemhat IV (also known as Amenemhet IV) was the seventh and penultimate king of the late Twelfth Dynasty…
Sin-Muballit
19th century BC – 1793 BC
Monarch
Sin-Muballit (died c. 1792 BC) was the father of Hammurabi and the fifth Amorite king of the first dynasty (the Amorite Dynasty) of Babylonia. He ruled over a r…
Sobekneferu
19th century BC – 1793 BC
Statesperson, Queen regnant
Sobekneferu or Neferusobek (Egyptian: 𓄤𓄤𓄤𓆍, romanized: Sbk-nfrw, lit. 'Beauty of Sobek') was the first confirmed queen regnant (or 'female king') of ancient…
Ishmael in Islam
1800 BC – 18th century BC
Preacher, Prophet
Ishmael (Arabic: إسماعيل ʾIsmāʿīl) is regarded by Muslims as an Islamic prophet. Born to Abraham and Hagar, he is the namesake of the Ishmaelites, who were desc…
Khendjer
18th century BC – 18th century BC
Statesperson
Userkare Khendjer was a minor king of the early Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt during the Middle Kingdom. Khendjer possibly reigned for four to five years, archaeo…
Pitḫana
18th century BC – 18th century BC
Sovereign
Pitḫana (Pythanas; died c. 1700 BC) was the King of Kussara in Central Anatolia during the late Middle Bronze IIA (late 18th century BC). His dynasty laid the f…