Remembered

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Thomas Gainsborough

1727 – 1788

Painter, Draftsperson, Portraitist, Landscape painter, Architectural drafter, Printmaker

Thomas Gainsborough (; 14 May 1727 (baptised) – 2 August 1788) was an English painter, draughtsman and printmaker who specialised in portrait and landscape pain…

Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon

1707 – 1788

Botanist, Volcanologist, Ornithologist, Physicist, Mathematician, Translator

Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon (French: [ʒɔʁʒ lwi ləklɛʁ kɔ̃t də byfɔ̃]; 7 September 1707 – 16 April 1788) was a French naturalist, mathematician, and c…

Christoph Willibald Gluck

1714 – 1787

Composer, Conductor

Christoph Willibald Ritter von Gluck (; German: [ˈkʁɪstɔf ˈvɪlɪbalt ˈɡlʊk]; 2 July 1714 – 15 November 1787) was a composer of Italian and French opera in the ea…

Frederick the Great

1712 – 1786

Ruler, Art collector, Monarch, King, Librettist, Composer

Frederick II (German: Friedrich II.; 24 January 1712 – 17 August 1786) was the monarch of Prussia from 1740 until his death in 1786. He was the last Hohenzoller…

Carl Wilhelm Scheele

1742 – 1786

Chemist, Pharmacist, Pharmacologist

Carl Wilhelm Scheele (German: [ˈʃeːlə], Swedish: [ˈɧêːlɛ]; 9 December 1742 – 21 May 1786) was a German-Swedish pharmaceutical chemist. Scheele discovered oxyge…

Samuel Johnson

1709 – 1784

Lexicographer, Linguist, Poet, Literary historian, Writer, Teacher

Samuel Johnson (18 September 1709 – 13 December 1784) was an English writer, lexicographer, and literary figure whose achievements have made a lasting mark on E…

Denis Diderot

1713 – 1784

Philosopher, Novelist, Essayist, Encyclopédistes, Art critic, Playwright

Denis Diderot (; French: [dəni did(ə)ʁo]; 5 October 1713 – 31 July 1784) was a French philosopher, art critic, and writer, best known for serving as co-founder,…

Jean Le Rond d'Alembert

1717 – 1783

Philosopher, Mathematician, Physicist, Musicologist, Translator, Writer

Jean Le Rond d'Alembert ( DAL-əm-BAIR; French: [ʒɑ̃ lə ʁɔ̃ dalɑ̃bɛʁ]; 16 November 1717 – 29 October 1783) was a French mathematician, physicist, philosopher, an…

Leonhard Euler

1707 – 1783

Mathematician, Physicist, University teacher, Writer, Music theorist, Astronomer

Leonhard Euler ( OY-lər; 15 April 1707 – 18 September 1783) was a Swiss polymath who was active as a mathematician, physicist, astronomer, logician, geographer,…

Daniel Bernoulli

1700 – 1782

Mathematician, Physicist, University teacher, Economist, Physician, Statistician

Daniel Bernoulli (8 February [O.S. 29 January] 1700 – 27 March 1782) was a Swiss mathematician and physicist and was one of the many prominent mathematicians in…

Gotthold Ephraim Lessing

1729 – 1781

Lyricist, Philosopher, Playwright, Poet, Librarian, Theologian

Gotthold Ephraim Lessing (; German: [ˈɡɔthɔlt ˈeːfʁa.ɪm ˈlɛsɪŋ] ; 22 January 1729 – 15 February 1781) was a German philosopher, dramatist, publicist and art cri…

Maria Theresa

1717 – 1780

Aristocrat, Monarch, Politician

Maria Theresa (Maria Theresia Walburga Amalia Christina; 13 May 1717 – 29 November 1780) was the ruler of the Habsburg monarchy from 1740 until her death in 178…

James Cook

1728 – 1779

Explorer, Cartographer, Naval officer, Seafarer, Botanist, Discoverer

Captain James Cook (7 November 1728 – 14 February 1779) was a British Royal Navy officer, explorer, and cartographer who led three voyages of exploration to the…

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

1712 – 1778

Philosopher, Classical composer, Musicologist, Novelist, Autobiographer, Pedagogue

Jean-Jacques Rousseau (UK: , US: ; French: [ʒɑ̃ʒak ʁuso]; 28 June 1712 – 2 July 1778) was a Genevan philosophe, writer, and composer. His political philosophy i…

Voltaire

1694 – 1778

Philosopher, Poet, Historian, Essayist, Playwright, Autobiographer

François-Marie Arouet (French: [fʁɑ̃swa maʁi aʁwɛ]; 21 November 1694 – 30 May 1778), known by his pen name Voltaire (, US also ; French: [vɔltɛːʁ]), was a Frenc…

Carl Linnaeus

1707 – 1778

Botanist, Physician, Autobiographer, Biologist, Mycologist, Pteridologist

Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné, was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised bino…

David Hume

1711 – 1776

Philosopher, Economist, Librarian, Historian, Essayist, Writer

David Hume (; born David Home; 7 May 1711 – 25 August 1776) was a Scottish philosopher, historian, economist and essayist who is known for his highly influentia…

Pope Clement XIV

1705 – 1774

Catholic priest, Latin Catholic bishop, Religious

Pope Clement XIV (Latin: Clemens XIV; Italian: Clemente XIV; 31 October 1705 – 22 September 1774), born Giovanni Vincenzo Antonio Ganganelli, was head of the Ca…

Louis XV

1710 – 1774

Art collector, Monarch

Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved (French: le Bien-Aimé), was King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774.…

Oliver Goldsmith

1728 – 1774

Physician, Physician writer, Poet, Playwright, Literary critic, Novelist

Oliver Goldsmith (10 November 1728 – 4 April 1774) was an Anglo-Irish poet, novelist, playwright, and hack writer. He produced literary works in a variety of ge…