Remembered
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Perdiccas II of Macedon
5th century BC – 413 BC
Monarch
Perdiccas II (Greek: Περδίκκας, romanized: Perdíkkas) was the king of Argead Macedon from 454 BC until his death in 413 BC. During the Peloponnesian War, he fre…
Archidamus II
5th century BC – 420s BC
Ruler
Archidamus II (Ancient Greek: Ἀρχίδαμος Archídāmos; died 427/6 BC) was a king of Sparta who reigned from approximately 469/8 BC to 427/6 BC. His father was Zeu…
Callicrates
470 BC – 420 BC
Architect
Callicrates or Kallikrates (; Greek: Καλλικράτης [Kaliˈkratis]) was an ancient Greek architect active in the middle of the fifth century BC. He and Ictinus were…
Polykleitos
490 BC – 420 BC
Sculptor
Polykleitos (; Ancient Greek: Πολύκλειτος) was an ancient Greek sculptor, active in the 5th century BCE. Alongside the Athenian sculptors Pheidias, Myron and Pr…
Protagoras
486 BC – 420 BC
Philosopher
Protagoras ( proh-TAG-ər-əs, -ass; Greek: Πρωταγόρας; c. 490 BC – c. 420 BC) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher and rhetorical theorist. He is numbered as on…
Brasidas
5th century BC – 422 BC
Military personnel
Brasidas (Greek: Βρασίδας, died 422 BC) was a Spartan general and statesman and is considered to be the most distinguished Spartan commander of the first decade…
Cleon
5th century BC – 422 BC
Politician, Military personnel, Army officer
Cleon (; Ancient Greek: Κλέων Kleon [kléɔːn]; died 422 BC) was an Athenian politician and general (strategos) during the Peloponnesian War. The son of Cleaenet…
Sogdianus
5th century BC – 423 BC
Sovereign
Sogdianus ( or ; Ancient Greek: Σογδιανός Sogdianos) was briefly a ruler of the Achaemenid Empire for a period in 424–423 BC. His short rule—lasting not much mo…
Xerxes II
5th century BC – 423 BC
Sovereign
Xerxes II ( ZURK-seez; Old Persian: 𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠, romanized: Xšayār̥šā; Ancient Greek: Ξέρξης, romanized: Xérxēs; died 424 BC) was a Persian king who was very…
Artaxerxes I
5th century BC – 424 BC
Sovereign
Artaxerxes I was the fifth King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire of Persia, from August 465 to December 424 BC. He was the third son of Xerxes I. In Greek sou…
Cratinus
500 BC – 425s BC
Comedy writer
Here is the revised memorial biography for Cratinus, refined to include only well-supported facts drawn from reliable sources: Cratinus (Ancient Greek: Κρατῖνο…
Herodotus
484 BC – 425 BC
Historian, Writer, Geographer, Politician, Ethnologist
Herodotus (Ancient Greek: Ἡρόδοτος, romanised: Hēródotos; c. 484 – c. 425 BC) was a Greek historian and geographer from the Greek city of Halicarnassus (now Bod…
Zeno of Elea
490 BC – 425 BC
Philosopher, Mathematician, Writer
Zeno of Elea (; Ancient Greek: Ζήνων ὁ Ἐλεάτης; c. 490 – c. 430 BC) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher from Elea, in what is now Southern Italy (Magna Graecia…
Anaxagoras
500 BC – 428 BC
Mathematician, Philosopher, Physicist, Astronomer, Writer
Anaxagoras (; Ancient Greek: Ἀναξαγόρας, Anaxagóras; c. 500 BC – c. 428 BC) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher. Born in Clazomenae at a time when Asia Minor w…
Pericles
494 BC – 429 BC
Politician, Military personnel, Statesperson, Orator, Army officer
Pericles ( ; Ancient Greek: Περικλῆς; c. 495–429 BC) was a Greek statesman and general during the Golden Age of Athens. He was prominent and influential in Anc…
Empedocles
490 BC – 430 BC
Physician, Philosopher, Writer, Poet, Politician, Orator
Empedocles (; Ancient Greek: Ἐμπεδοκλῆς; c. 494 – c. 434 BC, fl. 444–443 BC) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher and a native citizen of Akragas, a Greek city…
Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus
519 BC – 430s BC
Farmer, Politician, Military personnel
Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus (c. 519 – c. 430 BC) was a Roman patrician, statesman, and military leader of the early Roman Republic who became a famous model of…
Melissus of Samos
490 BC – 430 BC
Philosopher, Military personnel, Pre-Socratic philosophy
Melissus of Samos (; Ancient Greek: Μέλισσος ὁ Σάμιος; fl. 5th century BC) was the third and last member of the ancient school of Eleatic philosophy, whose othe…
Phidias
490 BC – 430 BC
Sculptor, Architect, Painter
Here is an improved version of the memorial story for Phidias, revised to include only well-supported facts based on reliable sources: Phidias (c. 480 – c. 430…
Epicharmus of Cos
524 BC – 435 BC
Dramaturge, Philosopher, Comedy writer, Mathematician, Writer
Epicharmus of Cos (variantly Epicharmus of Kos, Epicharmus Comicus or Epicharmus Comicus Syracusanus; Ancient Greek: Ἐπίχαρμος ὁ Κῷος), thought to have lived be…