Stanisław Lem

Stanisław Herman Lem (Polish: [staˈɲiswaf ˈlɛm] ; 12 September 1921 – 27 March 2006) was a Polish writer. He was the author of many novels, short stories, and essays on various subjects, including philosophy, futurology, and literary criticism. Many of his science fiction stories are of satirical and humorous character. Lem's books have been translated into more than 50 languages and have sold more than 45 million copies. Worldwide, he is best known as the author of the 1961 novel Solaris. In 1976, Theodore Sturgeon wrote that Lem was the most widely read science fiction writer in the world.

Lem was the author of the fundamental philosophical work Summa Technologiae, in which he anticipated the creation of virtual reality, artificial intelligence, and also developed the ideas of human autoevolution, the creation of artificial worlds, and many others. Lem's science fiction works explore philosophical themes through speculations on technology, the nature of intelligence, the impossibility of communication with and understanding of alien intelligence, despair about human limitations, and humanity's place in the universe. His essays and philosophical books cover these and many other topics. Translating his works is difficult due to Lem's elaborate neologisms and idiomatic wordplay.

The Sejm (the lower house of the Polish Parliament) declared 2021 Stanisław Lem Year.

Notable works: Solaris, Summa Technologiae, The Star Diaries, Fiasco, Golem XIV, The Astronauts, Fables for Robots, The Cyberiad Awards: Order of the White Eagle (Third Polish Republic), Golden Medal for Merit to Culture, Franz Kafka Prize, Grand Prix de Littérature Policière, Work Flag Order, 2nd class, Commander of the Order of Polonia Restituta, Officer of the Order of Polonia Restituta, Gold Cross of Merit‎, honorary citizen of Kraków, Austrian State Prize for European Literature Education: Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Jagiellonian University

Source: Wikipedia — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Lem