Mohammad Zahir Shah

Mohammad Zahir Shah (15 October 1914 – 23 July 2007) was the last king of Afghanistan, reigning from 8 November 1933 until he was deposed on 17 July 1973. Ruling for almost 40 years, Zahir Shah was the longest-serving ruler of Afghanistan since the foundation of the Durrani Empire in the 18th century.

He expanded Afghanistan's diplomatic relations with many countries, including with both sides of the Cold War. In the 1950s, Zahir Shah began modernizing the country, culminating in the creation of a new constitution and a constitutional monarchy system. Demonstrating nonpartisanism, his long reign was marked by peace in the country which was lost afterwards with the onset of the Afghan conflict.

In 1973, while Zahir Shah was undergoing medical treatment in Italy, his regime was overthrown in a coup d'état by his cousin and former prime minister, Sardar Mohammad Daoud Khan, who established a single-party republic, ending more than 225 years of continuous monarchical government. He remained in exile near Rome until 2002, returning to Afghanistan after the end of the Taliban government. He was given the title Father of the Nation, which he held until his death in 2007.

Awards: Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour, Royal Victorian Chain, Order of the Supreme Sun, Grand Cross Special Class of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany, Grand Cordon of the National Order of the Cedar‎, Order of the Yugoslav Star, Order of Pahlavi, Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold, Grand cross of the Order of the White Lion, Order of al-Hussein bin Ali Education: Lycée Janson-de-Sailly, Military College Jhelum, Habibia High School, Lycée Michelet, Vanves

Source: Wikipedia — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammad_Zahir_Shah