Phraates IV

Here is an improved, respectful, and factually supported memorial-style biography of Phraates IV:

Phraates IV, also known as Frahāt, reigned as King of Kings of the Parthian Empire from approximately 37 to 2 BC. He was the son and successor of Orodes II, taking the throne shortly after the death of his brother Pacorus I in 38 BC. Early in his reign, Phraates IV consolidated power through drastic means—historical sources report that he ordered the murders of all his brothers and possibly his father, though some accounts suggest Orodes met a natural death; this remains uncertain.(iranicaonline.org)

Phraates IV’s rule was marked by both military engagement and diplomatic maneuvering with Rome. In 36 BC, he secured a notable victory against Mark Antony, who had invaded through Armenia and Media Atropatene and suffered significant losses.(iranicaonline.org) A later usurper, Tiridates, briefly displaced him, but Phraates regained the throne with the aid of Scythian allies.(iranicaonline.org)

A defining moment occurred in 20 BC, when Phraates concluded negotiations with Rome to exchange his abducted son (carried off by Tiridates) for the return of Roman legionary standards lost at Carrhae.(en.wikipedia.org) Around the same time, he married Musa, an Italian-born slave sent by Augustus. Musa quickly became queen after bearing him a son, Phraates V (Phraataces). Arrangements were made for Phraates IV to send his four most prominent sons—Vonones, Phraates, Seraspandes, and Rhodaspes—to Rome, likely as an inheritance and to avert succession disputes.(iranicaonline.org)

Phraates IV’s reign ended around 2 BC in a palace coup. His wife Musa and their son Phraates V are reported to have conspired in his assassination—many sources indicate he was poisoned by them. Subsequently, Musa and Phraates V ruled jointly.(iranicaonline.org)

This account reflects the historical facts supported by current scholarship. Where sources differ—such as over the precise circumstances of Orodes’s death—they have been conveyed accurately.